Some aspects of population composition have been studied for a high altitude community, namely, the Tawang Monpa of Arunachal Pradesh. A sample of 500 households has been included. The age structure neither suggests a trend of progressive type population growth nor a trend of stationary type population growth. Mean live births among them was lower than that of the high altitude Sherpa of Nepal. High infant mortality in this population is reflective of low level of ante-natal as well as infant care.