Fertility and mortality levels were reported in Bagatha (150), Konda Dora (150), Konda Reddi (150) and Koya Dora (170) tribes inhabiting Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh. Relatively higher fertility is reported among Konda Dora women (3.4, 3.2 and 2.8) when compared to Bagatha (2.9 2.6 and 2.2) conceptions, live births and living children per woman while the
remaining tribes have reported moderate fertility. A high frequency of abortions (2.3%) and still births (7%) were reported among Bagatha and Konda Reddi whereas it is found to be less among Koya Dora (0.4%) and (2.3%). However, high postnatal mortality is recorded among Koya Dora (32.4%) while the other three tribes reported moderate postnatal deaths. The factors like women’s weak social status in the society, low level of literacy, early age at marriage, early childbearing age influence the demographic processes of a population such as fertility and mortality.